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I think the magnitude of what's coming our way is huge.

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There's some statistics that almost a billion jobs

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will get reconfigured as you go forward, even before 2030.

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That's a bigger migration than any that we've seen

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in human history, a migration of skills.

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A lot of people, and almost everyone has to be upskilled

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within the existing job they are doing,

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because the job itself

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is changing in such a rapid kind of way.

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Now with reskilling, you might ask

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whose responsibility is it?

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Research by the BCG Henderson Institute has shown

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that twice as many people actually see it

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as their own individual responsibility,

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rather than as the responsibility

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of the company or government.

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But clearly, companies have to provide the context

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to make this possible.

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I'm a big believer in the use of

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intelligent use of technology to make this happen,

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because at the end of the day, we have to find a way

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to change the economics of reskilling.

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If you continue to use a traditional model of reskilling,

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which is very human-centered,

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I don't think there's a model that'll make economic sense

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to achieve what we have to.

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Obviously, new technologies have opened new ways

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for new learning forums,

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and everyone will think about digital-enabled learnings,

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and all these type of things.

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I think we'll converge under combination of things.

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And there's a big risk for companies

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who will bet on technology only,

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and will realize a bit late they've lost

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the learning, the experience of their team.

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So what we certainly believe

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is that digital is exponential in nature,

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also in terms of speed.

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However, if you think about changing skills,

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changing leadership, changing culture,

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it's much more linear.

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And therefore, companies have to start early in this.

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Otherwise, they will never catch up

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with the digital kind of exponential speed

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that we experience.

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Now I always say robots are exchangeable, skills are unique.

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Actually the technological change

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that we are currently experiencing,

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is much more a people challenge

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than it's about hardcore stuff.

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I think one of the key elements

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is also to engage people

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on the issues that they are facing every day,

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in terms of new technologies being introduced

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at the workplace.

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And not to be afraid of these technologies,

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not to be afraid that the robot or whatever

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will replace you, but that you will have,

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hopefully a better job, maybe also an easier job,

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a richer job, going forward.

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Artificial intelligence has indeed led

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to many dystopic reports

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about how machines will replace humans in the workplace.

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And AI will indeed lead to many changes in the workplace,

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but perhaps in a different way than one might think.

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So we will see lots of experimentation

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and the companies themselves learning

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how to enable their employees to learn in the future.

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And it will be interesting times.

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You can either look at this as doomsday,

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or you can look at this with optimism.

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And I think the choice between the two

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actually is in our own hands.

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If you do nothing, it's going to be catastrophic.

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If you do something, I think it's a huge opportunity

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for people to continue to be able to reenergize,

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redevelop themselves to do different things

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in their working careers.

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That's a great opportunity, right?

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But it's an opportunity that has to be created and taken,

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and it's not gonna happen on its own.