WEBVTT

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Pierre, welcome.

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Let's talk about circularity.

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What role does it have to play
in the climate conversation?

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So, circularity is certainly a
very large role because one

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thing we've come to all realize
during COP is that energy is

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going to be the limiting factor
for decarbonization.

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And in the case of aluminum,
circularity means saving 95% of

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the energy and the greenhouse
gases that you would emit with

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primary aluminum.

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So it's a massive benefit for
decarbonization.

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How do we scale?

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What are the challenges that you
face?

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So today, scaling is limited by
three things.

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The first one is innovation.

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In order to improve circularity,
we need to be able to sort and

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segregate the different scrap
alloys to avoid downcycling.

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And while there are promising
technologies, they're not fully

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scaled up yet.

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The second one is scrap
availability.

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We need to make sure that scrap
is not disappearing and that we

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can increase the size of the
pie.

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And the third one is policy,
which has to do a little bit

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with the previous point, but we
need governments to help us make

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sure that, for instance, used
beverage cans are not going to

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be landfilled, but properly
collected and recycled.

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You mentioned innovations at the
top there. Which have the most

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potential, do you think, to
really unlock this industry?

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So, we're working with a number
of different technology

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providers,

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specifically around sorting and
segregation.

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We have seen laser-induced base
spectroscopy, or LIPS, being

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very promising for sorting.

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We've also seen AI being very
useful, combined with cameras,

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to be able to learn from the
different types of scrap that

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the cameras see, and decide
which one is going to be good

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for recycling, and which one is
not.

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And so I think you know, AI is
going to certainly bring a lot

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of good things for scalability.

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Yeah.

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Thank you so much.