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Jim, Mike, thanks for joining
us. Mike, tell us what's

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happening on the policy front to
really drive innovation in the

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climate space?

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Well, it takes both policy,
technology, and markets to move

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this energy transition. And,
really, across multiple

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geographies right now, we are
seeing governments take action

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that help across all three of
those. On the very earliest side

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of things, we're seeing both
public investment and policy

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that's driving enhanced work in
research and development, really

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driving the foundations of all
of the innovations we're seeing

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in the market. We're seeing lots
of public funding and policy

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to drive tax incentives and
other kind of carrots that make

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people do the things we need to
drive these innovations to

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market. And then we're seeing,
particularly in the US, things

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like the bipartisan
infrastructure law, which put in

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place long-term support for
building projects again and

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getting these things to not be
one-off projects, but to build

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industries. And Jim, as Mike was
saying, government is one part

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of it. How is finance coming
together to drive the change?

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Yeah, great question.

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We are observing that about half
of emissions can be reduced by

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products that are already market
competitive. So, actually the

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market is coming in just, as
Mike was saying, the market is

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so important and it's coming in
already to do what it needs to

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do. And, there are some parts of
emissions that can't be reduced

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by something that currently is
market competitive. There's a

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green premium for it. And, so,
finance is really coming

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in--beginning to come in, I will
say--to help to fill that gap.

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And the thing I'm most excited
about is actually

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work that we're partnering with
Breakthrough on, on Breakthrough

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Energy Catalyst, which is a
billion and a half fund of

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concessional capital, flexible
concessional capital that can

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help fund first-of-a-kind
projects. And it's already put

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out over $300 million to support
five projects that wouldn't

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otherwise happen on technologies
like long-duration energy

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storage or direct-care air
capture. And that will be

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critical to bringing down that
green premium. Mike, for you,

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what makes you most hopeful
about the next few years?

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Honestly, what makes me the most
hopeful is to look back at where

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we were just five years ago and
see where we've come today,

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right? I mean, so many of the
companies that are showcased

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here at this summit, there's a
hundred plus companies that are

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bringing their innovations here.
And honestly, five years ago,

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most of them weren't around
doing this and they weren't

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certainly attracting the kind of
investment that Jim's talking

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about that is happening in large
numbers. And many were not

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anywhere close to building their
first thing, their first

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sustainable fuels

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facility, their first hydrogen
project. And today that's

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happening in a way that looks
way more at scale than we could

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have hoped for. And Jim, the
finance is coming together now.

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What are you hoping it'll
achieve? Well, I'm just excited

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to see the results of these
projects that are happening at

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large scale. And then that will
bring the green premium down for

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these critical technologies. And
then the market will jump in, in

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force as as markets do so well.
Well, that's very hopeful

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Jim, Mike, thank you both for
joining us. Thanks. Thank you.

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